Sober Curious

What Is Sober Curious?

Sober Curious is a messaging service for people who want to lower alcohol consumption while enjoying time with friends and colleagues.

Project Contraints

This project was part of my Master's HCI Behavioral Science & UX course, where this project's main focus was UX Research instead of design. The course project requirements are that the project has to be presenting a solution to a behavior science related problem as a group.

Why Alcohol Reduction?

In group discussions, alcohol consistently came up as a common way to socialize. While it helped people connect, many stories highlighted regret from overconsumption.

We designed a project for people who want to reduce their alcohol intake without eliminating it, offering social options where alcohol isn’t the main focus.

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Date
2025

My Roles
UX Researcher

Team Members
Abner Benjamin Anu Khatri 
Apurva Mohapatra Suleyman Sarigoz Vedant Darak

Tools Used
Figma, ChatGPT, Google Scholar, NotebookLM

Deliverables
Secondary Literature Review Research, Research Result, Interview Results, Final Presentation

Industry
Behavioral Science, Psychology

Time Period
2.5 Months

Context
M.S HCI: Behavioral Science & UX

The Problem

Problem Statement

An employee trying to cut back on alcohol needs a way to socialize with friends and colleagues without pressure because social norms and expectations make it difficult to say no.


Importance of the Problem

Alcohol is linked to socializing, relaxation, and fun, but overconsumption can lead to regret and discomfort. Our research explores why reducing alcohol intake is challenging and how to support mindful drinking.

Perceived Social Norms And Alcohol Consumption
Individuals overestimate peer alcohol consumption, and this misperception significantly affects their own drinking habits.

Stress Coping Motives, And Alcohol Use
Higher stress levels correlate with increased alcohol consumption, particularly among individuals who identify drinking as a coping mechanism

The Solution

A Tailored Timed Nudge

Our research revealed that people often default to alcohol-centered spaces due to current social norms because alternatives aren’t surfaced when they’re most needed. To address this, we created a message service that sends timely suggestions for “third places” where alcohol is optional and secondary. By aligning with the journey map, we found that subtle nudges could work better than a stand-alone app, making the solution feel effortless.

The Research

Literature Review

Our reading takeaways capture key insights into why people struggle to cut back on alcohol.

*Each team member conducted research on a certain topic with 2-3 supporting peer reviewed literature review articles.

Reading Takeaways

Marketing & Visibility Of Alcohol

Visual packaging and occasion-based branding drive consumption, while transparent health labeling acts as a critical behavioral deterrent.

More Details
  • Packaging aesthetics (design, eco-friendly features) drive purchases.
 
  • Packaging tied to social occasions (e.g., Budweiser for sports, Barefoot for travel).
 
  • Collectible/limited editions kept for display.
 
  • Large text + pictorial health warnings reduce appeal and raise awareness.
 
  • Consumers want clear alcohol unit and ingredient info.
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Gender & Its Effect on Health from Alcohol Consumption

Consumption habits are dictated by gender performance, where drinking acts as a tool for masculine risk-taking or a requirement for professional belonging.

More Details
  • Men drink more, at higher levels, with greater dependence risk.
     
  • Women more cautious due to health, appearance, and safety concerns.
     
  • Masculinity linked to binge drinking and risk-taking; beer/liquor = “masculine.”
     
  • Femininity tied to wine/cocktails; heavy intoxication stigmatized.
     
  • Women in male-dominated jobs drink more to “keep up.”
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Gender & Its Effect on Health from Alcohol Consumption

Consumption habits are dictated by gender performance, where drinking acts as a tool for masculine risk-taking or a requirement for professional belonging.

Psychological Factors – Stress, Anxiety, Mental Health
  • Men drink more, at higher levels, with greater dependence risk.
  • Women more cautious due to health, appearance, and safety concerns.
  • Masculinity linked to binge drinking and risk-taking; beer/liquor = “masculine.”
  • Femininity tied to wine/cocktails; heavy intoxication stigmatized.
  • Women in male-dominated jobs drink more to “keep up.”
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Social Influences

Peer-driven social pressure and the misperception of "normal" drinking levels are the primary drivers of excessive consumption and social isolation.

More Details
  • Parental/faculty influence weak; peers strongest driver.
 
  • Misperceptions (“others drink more”) encourage excess.
 
  • Friendly pressure = light nudging; forced pressure = exclusionary.
 
  • Non-drinkers often excuse themselves, avoid events, or seek supportive peers.
 
  • Drinking seen as essential to socializing, leaving non-drinkers isolated.
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Personal Beliefs on Consumption

Internal goals and cultural attitudes toward alcohol are frequently overridden by the immediate cognitive pressure of external social expectations.

More Details
  • Beliefs about alcohol in college predict actual use.
 
  • Cultural perceptions mediate links between ethnicity and drinking.
 
  • Positive expectancies boost consumption; disapproval reduces it.
 
  • Gender identity shapes drink choice (beer vs. wine).
 
  • Personal beliefs often overridden by social expectations.
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Literature Review Sources

  • Jones, D., Moodie, C., Purves, R., Fitzgerald, N., & Crockett, R. (2021). Alcohol packaging as a promotional tool: A focus group study with young adult drinkers in Scotland. European Journal of Public Health, 31(Supplement_3). https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.346
  • Jones, D., Moodie, C., Purves, R. I., Fitzgerald, N., & Crockett, R. (2022). The role of alcohol packaging as a health communications tool: An online cross‐sectional survey and experiment with young adult drinkers in the United Kingdom. Drug and Alcohol Review, 41(5), 1206–1215. https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13469
  • Morris, H., Larsen, J., Catterall, E., Moss, A. C., & Dombrowski, S. U. (2020). Peer pressure and alcohol consumption in adults living in the UK: A systematic qualitative review. BMC Public Health, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09060-2 
  • Perkins, H. W. (2002). Social norms and the prevention of alcohol misuse in collegiate contexts. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Supplement, (s14), 164–172. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsas.2002.s14.164 
  • Cooper, M. L. (1994). Motivations for alcohol use among adolescents: Development and validation of a four-factor model. Psychological Assessment, 6(2), 117-128. 

  • Cooper, M. L., Frone, M. R., Russell, M., & Mudar, P. (1995). Drinking to regulate positive and negative emotions: A motivational model of alcohol use. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(5), 990-1005.
  • Simon D’Aquino & Sarah Callinan (2024) Drinking to cope as a mediator of the relationship between stress and alcohol outcomes, Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 31:5, 516-523.
  • De Visser, Richard O., and Elizabeth J. McDonnell. “‘That’s OK. He’s a guy’: A mixed-methods study of gender double-standards for alcohol use.” Psychology & Health, vol. 27, no. 5, May 2012, pp. 618–639, https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2011.617444.

  • Holmila, Marja, and Kirsimarja Raitasalo. “Gender differences in drinking: Why do they still exist?” Addiction, vol. 100, no. 12, 23 Nov. 2005, pp. 1763–1769, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01249.x.

  • Uy, Philip J., et al. “Rethinking male drinking: Traditional masculine ideologies, gender-role conflict, and drinking motives.” Psychology of Men & Masculinity, vol. 15, no. 2, Apr. 2014, pp. 121–128, https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032239.

  • Lui, P. P. (2019). College alcohol beliefs: Measurement invariance, mean differences, and correlations with alcohol use outcomes across sociodemographic groups. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 66(4), 487–495. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000338

  • Antin, T. M. J., Lipperman-Kreda, S., Paschall, M. J., Marzell, M., & Battle, R. (2013). The Role of Drinking Beliefs to Explain Ethnic Variation in Drinking Practices Among U.S. College Students. Substance Use & Misuse, 49(1–2), 95–102. https://doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2013.821659

Behavioral Archetype

I choose behavioral archetypes over personas because they let me design around shared behaviors and motivations instead of getting stuck on the details of a single fictional person.

Goals

  • Seeking meaningful social engagement
  • Finding a space to unwind and bond with others


Motivation

  • Desire to feel part of a community
  • Escaping routine stress and loneliness


Self-Image

  • Aspire to feel confident and authentic without relying on alcohol
  • Currently feeling self-doubt and fear judgment when considering alternatives


Coping 

  • Uses alcohol as a way to manage social anxiety or stress.


Norm Signficance

  • Struggle with existing norms where drinking is associated with bonding
  • Questioning if alcohol is necessary for connection

Mental Models

"And you're leaving your house, there's, a big world out there, but what seems like a finite number of options of what you can, like, realistically get your friends together to go."
"Drinking makes socializing easier."


Target Audience

Individuals looking to drink less or not at all.

Journey Map

Our journey map, "Journey Towards Reducing Alcohol Consumption Through Third-Places" is focused on the Micro View instead of Macro View to dive deep into specific moments during an individuals experience would be great to introduce our solution.


Legend

O Inflection Point: opportunity to "nudge" with solution
O Shows the positives of the activity.
O Shows the negatives of the activity.

journeyMap

2 Key Moments For Our Solution

We determined that the 2 key moments for our solution to make the greatest impact were the "Seeking Social Interaction" and "Exploration Of Alternatives" moment when deciding to go to a "third place".


Seeking Social Interaction

Opportunity Areas
  • People want to connect. Alternatives like sober venues or shared activities (axe throwing, billiards) can fulfill that need.


Decision Levers
  • Success depends on making these spaces convenient, socially inviting, and clearly valuable to strengthen relationships.


Exploring Alternatives

Opportunity Areas
  • When considering options beyond bars, late-night cafés and sober events help shift routines with like minded people.


Decision Levers
  • Offering fun, engaging choices makes the transition feel exciting, not limiting.

Participants + Interviews + Findings

Participant Details

Total Participants
10 (5 drinkers, 5 non-drinkers)
**Eventhough our project was for drinkers we believed hearing stories from non-drinkers would be valuable for our solution.

Age Range
23-28 years

Gender Distribution
6 Male, 4 Female

Occupations & Fields
Students, business professionals, non-profit, and tech workers.


Why This Sample?

Ensures a diverse range of perspectives Covers different life stages: students vs. working professionals Balances personal drinking habits for unbiased insights

Interview

Format
10 total = 5 drinkers + 5 non-drinkers
4 females, 6 males

Recieved Consent
Screen & audio recording

Interview Question Types
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Card-Sorting Activity
Our card-sorting activity is about understanding the participants' perception of different types of people alcoholic drinks per week. 

Post Card-Sorting Activity Questions
Perceptions of Others Messaging & Education Stress & Coping



Findings

Below is our affinity diagram followed by detailed findings from our interviews and card sorting actvity.

Theme 1: Prioritization Of Health For Non-Drinkers ❤︎

Personal Health
Reduce or elimate anxiety, gastrointestinal issues, allergic reactions

"I noticed that I would have like more anxiety when I was drinking, and like the anxiety is what caused the GI issues."

"I have seen that my body doesn't go well with alcohol."


Social Interactions from Influences
Observed: Family problems stemming from consumption & friends/strangers acting unsafe when intoxicated

"A lot of like the problems that have happened in our family, like arguments and stuff are always worse. They either happen because people have the courage to fight with each other because they're drunk, [...] and people say worse things when they're drinking."

"People lose control. Sometimes they don't know what their limits are."


Educational Programs
Drug abuse programs in college informed users about the effects, which deinfluenced them

"We also learned about the negative effects of alcohol. Alcohol can literally kill you. And people around you might not even notice it."

Theme 2: Alcohol Culture Fills the Social Gap ✨

A Way To Open Up 
Drinking showed signs of improved social life and friendships by reducing anxiety with everyone.

"Yeah, I think, you know, our house parties, especially because everyone's drinking and also, I think sometimes the alcohol actually helped me to open up a little bit." "You have people to talk around with. You can feel a bit more light hearted. It helps with the social anxiety."


Social Life = Physical Health
Participants with likeminded friends push each other for healthy habits.

"I think having a community around me would be helpful because you need people you can talk to about the cravings you're having, and it just helps you be distracted."

"Yeah, I did Dry January. I was like, okay, l guess / can do it. It's kind of a cultural trend, cultural challenge, you know? Some friends were doing it, so we supported each other and cut back on alcohol."


Bars, The Go To Third Place
Bars provide a comfortable environment to simply "hang out" with friends.

"And you're leaving your house, there's, a big world out there, but what seems like a finite number of options of what you can, like, realistically get your friends together to go."

Affinity Diagram Details:

The affinity diagram was created for participants who WANT TO REDUCE and CHOOSE NOT TO DRINK.

The affinity diagram sections are:

  • Personal Drinking Habit and Motivations
  • Social & Environmental Influences
  • Stress and Coping Mechanism
  • Perceptions and Awareness - After Revealing Data
  • Questions about Card Placement
  • Mental Models
allAffinity

Messaging Service vs App Service

Messaging Service

Pros
  • Simple setup (only needs phone number).
  • Works with existing SMS apps.
  • Minimal storage (uses default system).
  • Familiar interface, no learning curve.
  • Low-cost, flexible, and lightweight solution.


Cons
  • Easy to overlook as regular messages.
  • Limited customization and branding.
  • Harder to track engagement or analytics.

App Service

Pros
  • Dedicated app with distinct notifications.
  • More control over design, branding, and features.
  • Can track usage and gather user data.
  • Supports richer content (media, interactive features).


Cons
  • Requires development resources.
  • Takes storage space on device.
  • Higher barrier to entry (download needed).
  • Steeper learning curve for some users.
  • May exclude users with limited data plans.

Market Research

We have turned a possible competitor, The Nudge, into our solution. 


About The Nudge

The Nudge is a service that messages users of any local place near them. They have proven that this is a successful model given its availability in 10 large cities with over 1 million users. Leveraging this idea to target people seeking alternative third places to replace bars and partnering with influencers with similar content and marketing would be an easy lift.


How We Would Use The Nudge

We would like to use The Nudge platform to suggest third places that don't primarily around alcohol consumption.

It's extremely simple feasible system, text-based subscription service, is low-cost and accessible to everyone with a basic cell phone plan.

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Design Changes

Chatting With Sober Curious

V1 - Dependant On Typed Messages

  • Many user's were annoyed that they would need to type their responses. 


FINAL

  • We changed the user interaction from typing answers to clicking on options.

Looking Back

What We Did Well

Grounded in Behavioral Science
We used peer-reviewed research and interviews to uncover real motivations behind drinking habits.

Inclusive Sampling
Interviewing both drinkers and non-drinkers gave us a well-rounded perspective.

Archetype-Driven Design
Designing around behavioral archetypes helped us focus on motivations, not demographics.

Timely Nudges
Our SMS-based intervention was low-friction and context-aware, targeting key decision moments.

What We Can Do Later

Prototype & Test
Future iterations should include usability testing to validate message tone and timing.

Expand Demographics
Including older users or parents could reveal new insights.

Functional MVP
Start developing a functional MVP.

What We Would Do Differently

Refine Messaging
Clickable options helped, but future versions should test tone and emotional resonance.

Balance Research & Design
We’d add more visual deliverables—wireframes, mockups—to showcase design execution.

Accessibility
We’d explore how to make the experience more inclusive for users with impairments.

Selected Works

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